Biological Fertiliser - Human Urine
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Judul : Biological Fertiliser - Human Urine
link : Biological Fertiliser - Human Urine
Urine can be used in a number of ways, such as a solution that is applied to plants to provide a quick, short term boost in growth or as a nitrogen additive to carbon based material, facilitating the composting process. I prefer to use urine for compost building or biomass production as I generally find long term fertility solutions preferable to quick fixes.
Let's look at the various ways it can be used.
Even when diluted your plants don’t need daily applications and it's best used on plants that need lots of nitrogen, such as corn and squash, tomatoes and cucumbers during their fruit-bearing stage.
You can also use it to remedy nitrogen deficiencies. Signs of nitrogen deficiency include yellow or pale green leaves.
There is a danger of applying too much and the excess nitrogen can lead to bushy, leafy plants that attract aphids and bear little fruit. Signs of excess nitrogen include curled leaves,
Excess diluted urine can be used on lawns and trees.
You can urinate directly on a bale of straw and eventually the straw will decompose and can be used as compost or you can plant directly into the decomposing straw bales.
We use straw bale stacks which are, as the name suggests, simply a number of bales stacked up. These provide excellent habitat for overwintering toads and frogs. When the bales have decomposed the area is perfect for planting trees into. It's weed free, with mulch and compost right where it needs to be. Build a new pile where you plan to plant a tree in the future and see the toads and frogs quickly move in. Aesculapian Snakes are also commonly found in our bale stacks along with a tremendous amount of invertebrates.
The bales on the ground surface will decompose within 12 months even without urine.
If you would like to grow your own Comfrey 'Bocking 14' we have the best quality root cuttings, crowns and plants available from our Bio-nursery.
For how to grow Comfrey and more about this pretty amazing plant click here.
20 Root Cuttings - €28.50 - £20
50 Root Cuttings - €68 - £48
100 Root Cuttings - €132 - £94
500 Root Cuttings - €590 - £422
Price includes delivery via international courier service, recorded and tracked. Estimated delivery time is 5-9 days. .
For larger quantities of Comfrey 'Bocking 14' root cuttings, please contact us for a quote.
Send an email to balkanecologyproject@gmail.com with your order
Anda sekarang membaca artikel Biological Fertiliser - Human Urine dengan alamat link https://howtoplanvegetable.blogspot.com/2016/02/biological-fertiliser-human-urine.html
Judul : Biological Fertiliser - Human Urine
link : Biological Fertiliser - Human Urine
Biological Fertiliser - Human Urine
Human urine provides an excellent source of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and trace elements for plants, and can be delivered in a form that’s perfect for assimilation. With a constant, year-round and free supply of this resource available, more and more farmers and gardeners are making use of it.
Urine is 95% water. The other 5% consists of urea (around 2.5%), and a mixture of minerals, salts, hormones and enzymes. It is a blood byproduct, but despite containing some bodily waste it is non-toxic.
The average urine from a healthy adult will release 11g nitrogen/urea, 1g phosphorus/super-phosphate and 2.5g potassium. The normal range for a 24-hour urine output is 800 to 2000 milliliters (ml) per day with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day. That's an average of 1400 ml per person, per day!
Fresh human urine is sterile and so free from bacteria. Only when it is older than 24 hours the urea turns into ammonia, which is what causes the distinctive smell. Antibiotics, vitamin supplements and other medications will end up in your urine, but in such minute quantities as to be negligible, especially when diluted in water.
What's in it?
Urine is 95% water. The other 5% consists of urea (around 2.5%), and a mixture of minerals, salts, hormones and enzymes. It is a blood byproduct, but despite containing some bodily waste it is non-toxic.
The average urine from a healthy adult will release 11g nitrogen/urea, 1g phosphorus/super-phosphate and 2.5g potassium. The normal range for a 24-hour urine output is 800 to 2000 milliliters (ml) per day with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day. That's an average of 1400 ml per person, per day!
Fresh human urine is sterile and so free from bacteria. Only when it is older than 24 hours the urea turns into ammonia, which is what causes the distinctive smell. Antibiotics, vitamin supplements and other medications will end up in your urine, but in such minute quantities as to be negligible, especially when diluted in water.
How to use it
Urine can be used in a number of ways, such as a solution that is applied to plants to provide a quick, short term boost in growth or as a nitrogen additive to carbon based material, facilitating the composting process. I prefer to use urine for compost building or biomass production as I generally find long term fertility solutions preferable to quick fixes.
Let's look at the various ways it can be used.
Plant feed solution
It is too strong to be used neat on most plants and should be diluted. Dilute one part fresh urine to 10-15 parts water for application on plants in the growth stage. Dilute one part fresh urine to 30-50 parts water for use on pot plants, which are much more sensitive to fertilisers of any kind.Even when diluted your plants don’t need daily applications and it's best used on plants that need lots of nitrogen, such as corn and squash, tomatoes and cucumbers during their fruit-bearing stage.
You can also use it to remedy nitrogen deficiencies. Signs of nitrogen deficiency include yellow or pale green leaves.
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| Nitrogen deficiency in Tomato (photo by http://www.haifa-group.com/knowledge_center/deficiencies/nutrients/macro_nutrients/n_nitrogen/) |
There is a danger of applying too much and the excess nitrogen can lead to bushy, leafy plants that attract aphids and bear little fruit. Signs of excess nitrogen include curled leaves,
Excess diluted urine can be used on lawns and trees.
Compost additive
Urine can be applied directly to the compost pile. As it's very high in nitrogen, it should be added to plenty of carbon-rich materials, like dry leaves, sawdust, straw and cardboard. Urine can act as a starter for compost, encouraging the decomposition process. Undiluted urine can also be applied directly to heavily mulched soils serving the same function as above. The mulch should be thick enough to absorb the urine before it can make contact with plant roots
Straw Bale Stacks
You can urinate directly on a bale of straw and eventually the straw will decompose and can be used as compost or you can plant directly into the decomposing straw bales.We use straw bale stacks which are, as the name suggests, simply a number of bales stacked up. These provide excellent habitat for overwintering toads and frogs. When the bales have decomposed the area is perfect for planting trees into. It's weed free, with mulch and compost right where it needs to be. Build a new pile where you plan to plant a tree in the future and see the toads and frogs quickly move in. Aesculapian Snakes are also commonly found in our bale stacks along with a tremendous amount of invertebrates.
The bales on the ground surface will decompose within 12 months even without urine.
 |
| Common Toad - Bufo bufo and Aesculapian snake - Zamenis longissimus photographed within one of our Straw bale stacks. |
Applied Directly
Some plants such as Symphytum x uplandicum - Comfrey 'Bocking 14' can handle neat urine. Following cutting the plants, you can provide each plant with approx. 700 ml of undiluted urine.
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| Comfrey 'Bocking 14' - Symphytum x uplandicum growing in the under story of our forest garden |
This creates a great opportunity to cut out the dilution phase and produce good quantities of high quality nutrient dense mulch for your crops. This biomass when continuously applied to the surface of your beds will help create long term fertility in your gardens by building up the soil humus levels. Click here for more on Humus.
If you would like to grow your own Comfrey 'Bocking 14' we have the best quality root cuttings, crowns and plants available from our Bio-nursery.
For how to grow Comfrey and more about this pretty amazing plant click here.
50 Root Cuttings - €68 - £48
100 Root Cuttings - €132 - £94
500 Root Cuttings - €590 - £422
Price includes delivery via international courier service, recorded and tracked. Estimated delivery time is 5-9 days. .
For larger quantities of Comfrey 'Bocking 14' root cuttings, please contact us for a quote.
Send an email to balkanecologyproject@gmail.com with your order
If you would like to create a forest garden and gain some practical hands on experience join us this Spring. We'll be covering site surveying, landscape design software, installing access, beds, irrigation channels, planting tree, shrub, herb and ground layers and making a small wildlife pond. All in 3 days! And plenty of follow up material to take away with you to digest slowly.
If you would like to create a forest garden and gain some practical hands on experience join us this Spring. We'll be covering site surveying, landscape design software, installing access, beds, irrigation channels, planting tree, shrub, herb and ground layers and making a small wildlife pond. All in 3 days! And plenty of follow up material to take away with you to digest slowly.
Would you like to be involved in the project? We are currently offering 1 - 6 month positions on our polyculture study.
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Permaculture and Regenerative Design Internships
We offer a diversity of plants and seeds for permaculture and forest gardens including a range of fruit and nut cultivars. We Deliver all over Europe from Nov - March. Give a happy plant a happy home :)
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If you appreciate the work we are doing you can show your support in several ways.
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References
- http://modernfarmer.com/2014/01/human-pee-proven-fertilizer-future/
- http://www.theecologist.org/green_green_living/gardening/605742/urine_the_ultimate_organic_fertiliser.html
- http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/human-urine-is-an-effective-fertilizer/
- http://www.liquidgoldbook.com
- NASA Contractor Report No. NASA CR-1802, D. F. Putnam, July 1971(PDF).
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